Okwangoku, kukho iintlobo ezininzi eziqhelekileyo ze-single-component reactive elastic sealants ezithengiswayo kwimarike, ikakhulu iimveliso ze-silicone kunye ne-polyurethane sealant. Iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-elastic sealants zinomahluko kumaqela azo asebenzayo kunye nezakhiwo ze-cured main chain. Ngenxa yoko, kukho imida emininzi okanye embalwa kwiindawo zayo ezifanelekileyo. Apha, sazisa iindlela zokuphilisa ze-single-component enye reactive elastic sealants eziqhelekileyo kwaye sithelekise iingenelo kunye nokungalungi kweentlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-elastic sealants, ukuze siqonde ngakumbi kwaye senze ukhetho olufanelekileyo kwizicelo ezisebenzayo.
1. Indlela eqhelekileyo yokunyanga i-sealant elastic esebenzayo enecandelo elinye
Ii-sealants eziqhelekileyo ze-elastic reactive-component enye ziquka ikakhulu: i-silicone (SR), i-polyurethane (PU), i-silyl-terminated modified polyurethane (SPU), i-silyl-terminated polyether (MS), i-prepolymer inamaqela ahlukeneyo asebenzayo kunye neendlela ezahlukeneyo zokuphendula ngokupholisa.
1.1Indlela yokunyanga i-silicone elastomer sealant
Umfanekiso 1. Indlela yokunyanga i-silicone sealant
Xa kusetyenziswa ii-silicone sealants, i-prepolymer isabela kunye nomlinganiselo omncinci womswakama emoyeni ize iqine okanye ivulcanize phantsi kwesenzo se-catalyst. Iimveliso eziphumayo zizinto ezincinci ze-molecular. Indlela yokusebenza iboniswe kuMfanekiso 1. Ngokwezinto ezahlukeneyo ze-molecular ezincinci ezikhutshwa ngexesha lokunyanga, i-silicone sealant inokwahlulwa ibe luhlobo lwe-deacidification, uhlobo lwe-deketoxime, kunye nohlobo lwe-dealcoholization. Iingenelo kunye nokungalungi kwezi ntlobo ze-silicone glue zishwankathelwe kwiTheyibhile 1.
Itheyibhile 1. Uthelekiso lweengenelo kunye nokungalungi kweentlobo ezahlukeneyo zezincamathelisi ze-silicone
1.2 Indlela yokunyanga i-polyurethane elastic sealant
I-polyurethane sealant ene-component enye (PU) luhlobo lwe-polymer equlethe i-urethane segments ephindaphindayo (-NHCOO-) kwikhonkco eliphambili le-molecule. Indlela yokulungisa kukuba i-isocyanate isabela namanzi ukuze yenze i-carbamate ephakathi engazinzile, ethi emva koko ibole ngokukhawuleza ukuze ivelise i-CO2 kunye ne-amine, ize i-amine isabela ne-isocyanate egqithisileyo kwinkqubo, ize ekugqibeleni yenze i-elastomer enesakhiwo senethiwekhi. Ifomyula yayo yokusabela kokulungisa yile ilandelayo:
Umfanekiso 1. Indlela yokusabela yokulungisa i-polyurethane sealant
1.3 Indlela yokunyanga i-silane-modified polyurethane sealant
Umfanekiso 3. Indlela yokulungisa i-silane-modified polyurethane sealant
Ngenxa yeziphene ezithile ze-polyurethane sealants, i-polyurethane isandul’ ukuguqulwa yi-silane ukulungiselela i-adhesives, yenze uhlobo olutsha lwe-sealing adhesive ene-chain ephambili yesakhiwo se-polyurethane kunye neqela le-alkoxysilane end, ebizwa ngokuba yi-silane-modified polyurethane sealant (SPU). I-curing reaction yolu hlobo lwe-sealant ifana neye-silicone, oko kukuthi, amaqela e-alkoxy asabela kunye nokufuma ukuze adlule kwi-hydrolysis kunye ne-polycondensation ukuze enze isakhiwo senethiwekhi esizinzileyo se-Si-O-Si esinemilinganiselo emithathu (Umfanekiso 3). Amanqaku okudibanisa inethiwekhi kunye naphakathi kwamanqaku okudibanisa i-cross-linking kukho izakhiwo ze-polyurethane eziguquguqukayo.
1.4 Indlela yokunyanga izitywina ze-polyether ezipheliswe yi-silyl
I-polyether sealant epheliswe yi-silyl (MS) sisincamathelisi esithambileyo esisekwe kutshintsho lwe-silane. Sidibanisa iingenelo ze-polyurethane kunye ne-silicone, sisizukulwana esitsha seemveliso zesincamathelisi esinamathelayo, esingenayo i-PVC, ioyile ye-silicone, i-isocyanate kunye ne-solvent. I-MS adhesive isabela kunye nokufuma emoyeni kubushushu begumbi, ukuze i-polymer ene-silanized enesakhiwo se--Si(OR) OKANYE -SIR (OR)- i-hydrolyzed ekupheleni kwetyathanga kwaye idityaniswe kwi-elastomer enesakhiwo senethiwekhi ye-Si-O-Si ukuze kufezekiswe isiphumo sokutywina kunye nokubophelela. Inkqubo yokusabela kokupholisa yile ilandelayo:
Umfanekiso 4. Indlela yokunyanga i-polyether sealant epheliswe yi-silyl
2. Uthelekiso lweengenelo kunye nokungalungi kwezinto eziqhelekileyo ezisetyenziswa njenge-single-component reactive elastic sealants
2.1 Iingenelo kunye nokungalungi kwezinto zokuvala ii-silicone
⑴Iingenelo ze-silicone sealant:
① Ukumelana nemozulu okugqwesileyo, ukumelana neoksijini, ukumelana ne-ozone kunye nokumelana ne-ultraviolet; ② Ukuguquguquka okuhle kubushushu obuphantsi.
⑵Iingxaki ze-silicone sealant:
①Ayihonjiswanga kakuhle kwaye ayinakupeyintwa; ②Ayinamandla okukrazula; ③Ayinawo amandla okumelana neoyile; ④Ayinawo amandla okubhoboza; ⑤Umaleko weglue uvelisa ngokulula i-leachate eneoyile engcolisa ikhonkrithi, amatye kunye nezinye izinto ezikhululekileyo.
2.2 Iingenelo kunye nokungalungi kwePolyurethane Sealants
⑴Iingenelo ze-polyurethane sealant:
① Ukunamathela kakuhle kwiintlobo ngeentlobo zezixhobo; ② Ukuguquguquka okugqwesileyo kobushushu obuphantsi; ③ Ukuqina okuhle kunye neempawu ezilungileyo zokubuyisela, ezifanelekileyo kwiindawo eziguqukayo; ④ Amandla aphezulu oomatshini, ukumelana nokuguguleka okugqwesileyo, ukumelana neoyile kunye nokumelana nokuguga kwezinto eziphilayo; ⑤ Uninzi lwezixhobo zokuvala umswakama ze-polyurethane ezisebenzisa icandelo elinye azinazo izinyibilikisi kwaye azinangcolisi kwisixhobo kunye nokusingqongileyo; ⑥ Umphezulu wesitywina ungapeyintwa kwaye kube lula ukuwusebenzisa.
⑵Iingxaki ze-polyurethane sealant:
① Xa iqina kwindawo enobushushu obuphezulu kunye nomswakama ophezulu ngesantya esikhawulezayo, amaqamza adalwa lula, nto leyo echaphazela ukusebenza kwe-sealant; ② Xa kuhlanganiswa kwaye kuvalwa izinto ze-substrates ezingenamathupha (ezifana neglasi, isinyithi, njl.njl.), kufuneka i-primer ngokubanzi; ③ I-Shallow Ifomyula yombala ichaphazeleka kukuguga kwe-UV, kwaye ukuzinza kokugcinwa kweglu kuchaphazeleka kakhulu kukupakisha kunye neemeko zangaphandle; ④ Ukumelana nobushushu kunye nokumelana nokuguga akwanelanga kancinci.
2.3 Iingenelo kunye nokungalungi kwe-silane-modified polyurethane sealants
⑴Iingenelo ze-silane modified polyurethane sealant:
① Ukunyibilikisa akuvelisi amaqamza; ② Inokuguquguquka okuhle, ukumelana ne-hydrolysis kunye nozinzo lokumelana neekhemikhali; ③ Ukumelana nemozulu okugqwesileyo, ukumelana nobushushu, ukumelana nokwaluphala, ukuzinza kokugcinwa kwemveliso; ④ Ukuzivumelanisa ngokubanzi neziseko, xa zibotshelelwe Ngokubanzi, akukho primer ifunekayo; ⑤Umphezulu ungapeyintwa.
⑵Iingxaki ze-silane modified polyurethane sealant:
① Ukumelana ne-UV akulunganga njengokumelana ne-silicone sealant; ② Ukumelana nokukrazuka kubi kancinci kunokumelana ne-polyurethane sealant.
2.4 Iingenelo kunye nokungalungi kwe-silyl-terminated polyether sealants
⑴Iingenelo ze-polyether sealant epheliswe yi-silyl:
① Ineempawu ezintle kakhulu zokubopha kwii-substrates ezininzi kwaye inokufezekisa ukubopha okungena-primer; ② Inokumelana nobushushu kunye nokumelana nokuguga kwe-UV okungcono kune-polyurethane eqhelekileyo; ③ Ingapeyintwa kumphezulu wayo.
⑵Iingxaki ze-polyether sealant epheliswe yi-silyl:
① Ukumelana nemozulu akulunganga njengokwe-silicone silicone, kwaye imifantu ibonakala phezu komphezulu emva kokwaluphala; ② Ukunamathela kwiglasi akunamsebenzi.
Ngentshayelelo engasentla, sinokuqonda kwangaphambili iindlela zokunyanga zeentlobo ezahlukeneyo ezisetyenziswa rhoqo zee-single-component reactive elastic sealants, kwaye ngokuthelekisa iingenelo kunye neengxaki zazo, sinokufikelela ekuqondeni ngokubanzi kwemveliso nganye. Kwizicelo ezisebenzayo, i-sealant inokukhethwa ngokweemeko zokusetyenziswa kwenxalenye ye-bonding ukuze kufezekiswe ukutywinwa okanye ukubophelwa kakuhle kwenxalenye yesicelo.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Novemba-15-2023