Okwangoku, kukho iintlobo ezininzi eziqhelekileyo ze-single-component reactive elastic sealants kwimarike, ingakumbi i-silicone kunye ne-polyurethane sealant sealant.Iindidi ezahlukeneyo ze-elastic sealants zineeyantlukwano kumaqela azo asebenzayo asebenzayo kunye nokunyangwa kwezakhiwo eziphambili zekhonkco.Ngenxa yoko, kukho imida engaphezulu okanye encinci kwiindawo zayo ezifanelekileyo kunye nemimandla.Apha, sazisa iindlela zokunyanga izinto ezininzi eziqhelekileyo zecandelo elinye elisebenzayo le-elastic sealants kwaye sithelekise izinto ezilungileyo kunye nezingeloncedo zeentlobo ezahlukeneyo zezitywini ezilastiki, ukuze senze nzulu ukuqonda kwethu kwaye senze ukhetho olufanelekileyo kwizicelo ezisebenzayo.
1. Isixhobo esiqhelekileyo sokunyanga i-elastic sealant yecandelo elinye
Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo ze-elastic sealants ezisebenzayo zibandakanya: i-silicone (SR), i-polyurethane (PU), i-silyl-terinated modified polyurethane (SPU), i-silyl-terinated polyether (MS), i-prepolymer inamaqela asebenzayo ahlukeneyo kunye neendlela ezahlukeneyo zokuphendula zokunyanga.
1.1Indlela yokunyanga ye-silicone elastomer sealant
Umzobo 1. Indlela yokunyanga ye-silicone sealant
Xa i-silicone sealants isetyenzisiwe, i-prepolymer iphendula kunye nezixa zomkhondo zokufuma emoyeni kwaye emva koko iqina okanye i-vulcanizes phantsi kwesenzo se-catalyst.Iimveliso eziphumayo zizinto ezincinci zemolekyuli.Inkqubo iboniswe kuMfanekiso 1. Ngokwezinto ezincinci ezahlukeneyo zemolekyuli ezikhutshwe ngexesha lokunyanga, i-silicone sealant inokwahlulwa ibe yintlobo ye-deacidification, uhlobo lwe-deketoxime, kunye nohlobo lwe-dealcoholization.Iingenelo kunye nokungonakali kwezi ntlobo zeglue ze-silicone zishwankathelwa kwiThebhile 1.
Itheyibhile 1.Ukuthelekiswa kweenzuzo kunye nokungonakali kweentlobo ezininzi ze-silicone adhesives.
1.2 Indlela yokunyanga ye-polyurethane elastic sealant
Inxalenye enye ye-polyurethane sealant (PU) luhlobo lwepolymer equkethe amacandelo e-urethane aphindaphindiweyo (-NHCOO-) kwikhonkco eliphambili le-molecule.Indlela yokuphilisa kukuba i-isocyanate isabela emanzini ukuze yenze i-carbamate ephakathi engazinzanga, ethi ibole ngokukhawuleza ukuvelisa i-CO2 kunye ne-amine, kwaye i-amine isabela ngokugqithisileyo kwe-isocyanate kwinkqubo, kwaye ekugqibeleni yenza i-elastomer enesakhiwo sothungelwano.Ifomula yokusabela yonyango yile ilandelayo:
Umzobo 1.Ukunyanga indlela yokusabela ye-polyurethane sealant
1.3 Indlela yokunyanga ye-silane-modified polyurethane sealant
Umzobo 3. Ukunyanga indlela yokusabela kwe-silane-modified polyurethane sealant
Ngokujonga ezinye iintsilelo ze-polyurethane sealants, i-polyurethane isandul 'ukuguqulwa yi-silane ukulungiselela ukunamathiswa, ukwenza uhlobo olutsha lokunamathelisa okutywina kunye nekhonkco eliphambili le-polyurethane isakhiwo kunye neqela lokugqibela le-alkoxysilane, elibizwa ngokuba yi-silane-modified polyurethane sealant (SPU).Ukusabela okuphilisayo kolu hlobo lwe-sealant kufana ne-silicone, oko kukuthi, amaqela e-alkoxy asabela ngokufuma ukuba angene kwi-hydrolysis kunye ne-polycondensation ukuze enze i-Si-O-Si i-Si-O-Si isakhiwo sothungelwano esine-dimensional ezintathu (Figure 3).I-network cross-linking points kunye naphakathi kweendawo ezinqamlezileyo ze-polyurethane flexible segment structures.
1.4 Indlela yokunyanga ye-silyl-terinated polyether sealants
I-silyl-terminated polyether sealant (MS) yinto enye ye-elastic adhesive esekelwe kwi-silane modification.Idibanisa iingenelo zombini i-polyurethane kunye ne-silicone, isizukulwana esitsha se-adhesive sealant, i-PVC, ioli ye-silicone, i-isocyanate kunye ne-solvent.I-MS i-adhesive isabela ngokufuma emoyeni kwiqondo lobushushu begumbi, ukuze i-polymer eyenziwe nge-silanized ene-Si(OR) OKANYE -SIR (OR)-isakhiwo se-hydrolyzed ekupheleni kwekhonkco kwaye idityaniswe kwi-elastomer nge-Si-O- Ulwakhiwo womnatha weSi ukuphumeza ukutywinwa kunye nesiphumo sokudibanisa.Inkqubo yokusabela yonyango imi ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
Umzobo 4. Ukunyanga indlela ye-silyl-terinated polyether sealant
2. Ukuthelekiswa kwezinto ezilungileyo kunye nezingeloncedo zecandelo elinye elisebenzayo le-elastic sealants.
2.1 Izinto eziluncedo kunye nokungonakali kwe-silicone sealants
⑴Izinto eziluncedo ze-silicone sealant:
① Ukumelana nemozulu okugqwesileyo, ukuxhathisa kweoksijini, ukunganyangeki kwe-ozone kunye nokumelana ne-ultraviolet;② Ukuguquguquka okuhle kobushushu obuphantsi.
⑵Ubugwenxa be-silicone sealant:
①Ukuhonjiswa kwakhona kakubi kwaye akunakupeyintwa;②Amandla asezantsi eenyembezi;③Ukunganyangeki kwe-oli;④Ayikwazi ukumelana ne-puncture;⑤I-adhesive layer ivelisa ngokulula i-oyile leachate engcolisa ikhonkrithi, ilitye kunye nezinye izinto ezincinci.
2.2 Izinto eziluncedo kunye nezingeloncedo kwii-Polyurethane Sealants
⑴Izinto eziluncedo zepolyurethane sealant:
① Ukubambelela kakuhle kwiintlobo ngeentlobo zesubstrates;② ukuguquguquka okugqwesileyo kobushushu obuphantsi;③ Ukwaluka okulungileyo kunye neempawu ezibalaseleyo zokubuyisela, ezifanelekileyo kumalungu aguqukayo;④ Amandla omatshini aphezulu, ukuxhathisa okugqwesileyo, ukunganyangeki kwe-oyile kunye nokumelana nokuguga kwebhayoloji;⑤ Uninzi lwecandelo elinye lokunyanga i-polyurethane sealants azinakunyibilika kwaye azinangcoliseko kwi-substrate kunye nokusingqongileyo;⑥ Umphezulu we-sealant unokupeyintwa kwaye kulula ukuyisebenzisa.
⑵Ubugwenxa be-polyurethane sealant:
① Xa unyanga kwindawo yobushushu obuphezulu kunye nokufuma okuphezulu ngesantya esikhawulezayo, amaqamza aveliswa ngokulula, achaphazela ukusebenza kwe-sealant;② Xa ukudibanisa kunye nokutywinwa kweenxalenye ze-non-porous substrates (ezifana neglasi, isinyithi, njl.), i-primer iyafuneka ngokubanzi;③ I-shallow Ifomula yombala isengozini yokuguga kwe-UV, kwaye ukuzinza kokugcinwa kweglue kuchaphazeleka kakhulu ngokupakishwa kunye neemeko zangaphandle;④ Ukumelana nobushushu kunye nokwaluphala akwanelanga kancinci.
2.3 Izinto eziluncedo kunye nokungalunganga kwe-silane-modified polyurethane sealants
⑴Izinto eziluncedo ze-silane eguqulwe i-polyurethane sealant:
① Ukunyanga akuvelisi amaqamza;② Inokuguquguquka okulungileyo, ukuxhathisa i-hydrolysis kunye nokuzinza kokumelana neekhemikhali;③ Ukumelana nemozulu okugqwesileyo, ukumelana nobushushu, ukuxhathisa ukwaluphala, ukuzinza kokugcinwa kwemveliso;④ Ukuguquguquka okubanzi kwi-substrates, xa kudityaniswa Ngokuqhelekileyo, akukho primer ifunekayo;⑤ Umphezulu unokupeyintwa.
⑵Ukungalunganga kwe-silane eguqulwe i-polyurethane sealant:
① Ukumelana ne-UV akulunganga njengaleyo ye-silicone sealant;② Ukuxhathisa kweenyembezi kubi kancinci kunoko kwe-polyurethane sealant.
2.4 Izinto eziluncedo kunye nokungalunganga kwe-silyl-terinated polyether sealants
⑴Izinto eziluncedo ze-silyl-terinated polyether sealant:
① Ineempawu ezigqwesileyo zokudityaniswa kuninzi lwe substrates kwaye inokufikelela kwiprimer-free-activation bonding;② Inokumelana nobushushu obungcono kunye nokumelana nokuguga kwe-UV kune-polyurethane eqhelekileyo;③ Inokupeyintwa kumphezulu wayo.
⑵Ukungalunganga kwe-silyl-terinated polyether sealant:
① Ukumelana nemozulu akulunganga njenge-silicone, kwaye iintanda zivela kumphezulu emva kokuguga;② Ukuncamathela kwiglasi kubi.
Ngentshayelelo engentla, sinokuqonda kwangaphambili kweendlela zokunyanga zeentlobo ezininzi ezisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo zecandelo elinye lee-elastic sealants ezisebenzayo, kwaye ngokuthelekisa iingenelo kunye nokungalunganga kwazo, sinokufikelela ukuqonda ngokubanzi kwemveliso nganye.Kwizicelo ezisebenzayo, i-sealant inokukhethwa ngokwemiqathango yokwenyani yesicelo secandelo lokudibanisa ukufezekisa ukutywinwa okulungileyo okanye ukudibanisa kwenxalenye yesicelo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Nov-15-2023